细胞用英语怎么说

1. 细胞的定义和结构

细胞是生物体的基本单位，是一个能够独立执行自己的功能的单元。它由细胞膜、质膜、细胞质、细胞核等组成。

- In English, "cell" refers to the basic unit of life, capable of carrying out its own functions independently. It is composed of a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and other structures.

- The structure of a cell is complex and includes several components, such as the mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.

- The size of a cell can vary widely, from the tiny bacteria to large nerve cells.

2. 细胞的功能和作用

细胞是生命的基石，它参与了许多生物体的生理和代谢过程，包括新陈代谢、呼吸、等。

- Cells are responsible for carrying out many physiological and metabolic processes in living organisms, including metabolism, respiration, and cell division.

- Different types of cells have different functions, such as muscle cells contracting to produce movement or nerve cells transmitting signals throughout the body.

- Cells also play a critical role in the immune system, helping to fight off infections and diseases.

3. 细胞相关的学科和研究

细胞学是生物学的一个重要分支，它研究的是细胞的结构、功能和发育等方面。首先，细胞也与许多其他学科有关，如医学、生物化学、生物物理学等。

- Cell biology is an important branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and development of cells.

- Medical research often focuses on the cellular level, examining the effects of drugs or diseases on specific types of cells.

- Biochemistry and biophysics also explore the properties and behaviors of cells at a molecular level.

中英文翻译例句：

1. The human body consists of trillions of cells, each working together to maintain health and vitality.（人体由数万亿个细胞组成，每个细胞共同协作以维持健康和活力。）

2. The function of a cell is determined by the proteins and enzymes it produces, as well as the signals it receives from other cells. （细胞的功能由其产生的蛋白质和酶以及来自其他细胞的信号所决定。）

3. Advances in cell biology have led to many important medical treatments and therapies, such as stem cell research and gene therapy.（细胞生物学的进步促进了许多重要的医疗治疗和疗法，例如干细胞研究和基因治疗。）

4. In order to study cells at a microscopic level, scientists often use a variety of imaging techniques, such as fluorescent microscopy or electron microscopy.（为了在显微镜下研究细胞，科学家们通常使用各种成像技术，例如荧光显微镜或电子显微镜。）

5. Cancer is a disease that occurs when cells in the body begin to grow and divide uncontrollably.（癌症是一种疾病，当身体中的细胞开始无法控制地生长和时，它就会发生。）